Réunion

File:La Marseillaise.ogg File:Unofficial Anthem of Réunion - Ptite fleur aimée.ogg

Proposed flag of Réunion (VAR)

10-cent-1816-Isle-Bourbon

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Fete des travailleurs indiens

Réunion is an island located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar and approximately 175 kilometers southwest of Mauritius, its nearest neighbour. As an overseas department and region of France, Réunion is part of the European Union, making it the outermost region of the EU located in the Indian Ocean. The island is known for its volcanic, rainforested interior, coral reefs, and beaches. Its most iconic landmark is the Piton de la Fournaise, a climbable active volcano standing at 2,632 meters.

Geography

Réunion Island is approximately 2,512 square kilometers in size, making it the largest of the Mascarene Islands. The island's geography is marked by a rugged, mountainous interior with deep valleys and high peaks, including the dormant volcano Piton des Neiges, which is the highest point on the island at 3,070 meters. The diverse ecosystems range from coastal beaches to lush forests and barren volcanic landscapes.

History

The island was known to Arab and African navigators as early as the 10th century, but it was first claimed by France in 1642, and settlement began in the 1660s. Initially named Bourbon Island, it was a stopover on the East Indies trade route. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the island's economy was heavily dependent on slavery for the production of coffee, spices, and sugar cane. Slavery was abolished in 1848, and the island was renamed Réunion.

Demographics

Réunion's population is a melting pot of ethnicities, including people of African, Indian, European, and Chinese descent. This diversity is reflected in the island's culture, cuisine, and religious practices. French is the official language, but Réunion Creole is widely spoken.

Economy

The economy of Réunion is largely driven by sugar cane cultivation, tourism, and the presence of French government services. The island benefits from financial support from France and the EU. Tourism is a growing sector, with visitors drawn to its natural beauty, cultural festivals, and outdoor activities such as hiking, paragliding, and diving.

Culture

Réunionese culture is a blend of its diverse population's traditions. Music and dance, particularly Maloya and Sega, which have African origins, are important cultural expressions. The cuisine of Réunion is a fusion of French, Indian, African, and Chinese influences, featuring dishes such as cari (curry) and rougail.

Environmental Concerns

Réunion faces environmental challenges, including the threat of tropical cyclones, volcanic eruptions, and biodiversity loss. Conservation efforts are in place to protect its unique flora and fauna, with several areas designated as national parks or nature reserves.

Governance

As an overseas department of France, Réunion has a similar administrative structure to mainland France, with a Prefect representing the French government. It has its own regional council and departmental council, which handle local matters. Réunion sends deputies and senators to the French National Assembly and Senate.

See Also

• Mascarene Islands
• Overseas departments and territories of France
• Indian Ocean islands