Racquet nails

Racquet Nails

Racquet nails, also known as brachyonychia, is a condition characterized by abnormally short and broad fingernails. This condition can be congenital or acquired and is often associated with various genetic syndromes or underlying medical conditions.

Clinical Presentation

Racquet nails are typically identified by their distinctive shape. The nails appear wider than they are long, resembling the shape of a racquet. This condition can affect one or more nails and is most commonly observed in the thumbs.

Etiology

Racquet nails can be congenital, meaning they are present at birth, or they can develop later in life. Congenital racquet nails are often associated with genetic syndromes such as:

• Turner syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Pachyonychia congenita

Acquired racquet nails may result from trauma, infection, or other systemic conditions such as:

• Psoriasis
• Lichen planus
• Hyperparathyroidism

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of racquet nails is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the nails. A thorough medical history and physical examination are essential to identify any underlying conditions. In some cases, genetic testing may be warranted to confirm associated syndromes.

Management

Management of racquet nails focuses on addressing the underlying cause if identified. For congenital cases, no specific treatment is usually required unless there are associated symptoms or syndromes that need management. In acquired cases, treating the underlying condition often leads to improvement in nail appearance.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with racquet nails depends on the underlying cause. In congenital cases, the condition is usually benign and does not affect overall health. In acquired cases, prognosis is linked to the management of the underlying condition.

Also see

• Nail anatomy
• Nail diseases
• Onychodystrophy
• Koilonychia