Rete pegs

Rete Pegs

File:Skin histology.jpg

Histological section of human skin showing rete pegs

Rete pegs are specialized structures found in the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. They play a crucial role in the attachment and stability of the epidermis to the underlying dermis. Rete pegs are also known as rete ridges or interpapillary pegs.

Structure

Rete pegs are finger-like projections that extend from the epidermis into the dermis. They are composed of epithelial cells and are surrounded by connective tissue. The shape and size of rete pegs can vary depending on the location in the body. In areas with thick skin, such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, the rete pegs are longer and more pronounced.

Function

The main function of rete pegs is to increase the surface area of contact between the epidermis and the dermis. This increased surface area enhances the adhesion and stability of the two layers, preventing them from separating under mechanical stress. The interlocking nature of the rete pegs also helps to resist shear forces, providing structural support to the skin.

Rete pegs also play a role in nutrient exchange and waste removal between the epidermis and the dermis. The increased surface area allows for a greater exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products, ensuring the proper functioning of the skin.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the structure or function of rete pegs can have clinical implications. For example, in certain skin diseases, such as pemphigus vulgaris, the immune system mistakenly attacks the proteins that hold the epidermis and dermis together, leading to the formation of blisters and separation of the layers. This can result in the loss of rete pegs and compromised skin integrity.

See Also

• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Skin
• Pemphigus vulgaris