Rishabhanatha

Shatrunjay Adinath Rishabhdev Bhagwan

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Birth of the Tirthankara Rishabha

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Goddess Marudevi

Rishabhdeva - Dance of Nilanjana

Lord Rishabhdev in meditation

Jain Universal History Diorama in Jain Museum Madhuban 12

Rishabhanatha, also known as Adinatha, is revered as the first Tirthankara in Jainism. He is a pivotal figure in Jain cosmology, symbolizing the beginning of the present half-cycle of time (Avasarpini) in Jain beliefs. Rishabhanatha's teachings form the foundational religious and philosophical principles of Jainism, emphasizing non-violence (Ahimsa), truth (Satya), and asceticism. His life and teachings are documented in various Jain texts, including the Acaranga Sutra and the Bhagavati Sutra.

Life

According to Jain tradition, Rishabhanatha was born in the city of Ayodhya, in the Ikshvaku dynasty. His birth is celebrated as one of the major festivals in Jainism. He is said to have lived millions of years ago, a time when humans had a much longer lifespan. Rishabhanatha is described as having attained Kevala Jnana (omniscience) and spent a significant part of his life imparting knowledge to his followers before attaining Moksha (liberation from the cycle of birth and death).

Iconography

In Jain art and iconography, Rishabhanatha is depicted with a bull symbol, which appears in sculptures and paintings that date back to ancient times. This symbol, representing his emblem, is a distinguishing feature that helps devotees identify his images. He is often shown in a meditative posture, either seated in a lotus position or standing in a kayotsarga posture, symbolizing his ascetic life.

Teachings

Rishabhanatha's teachings emphasize the importance of Dharma (righteousness), Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truth), and Aparigraha (non-attachment). He is credited with introducing the concept of Varna in Jainism, which outlines the duties of different social classes, and the practice of Diksha, the initiation into monastic life.

Legacy

Rishabhanatha's legacy is profound within Jainism. He is considered the founder of the religion, with his teachings forming the core of Jain philosophy. Temples dedicated to him are found across India, with the most notable being the Ranakpur Jain temple and the statue of Rishabhanatha at Palitana temples, which are significant pilgrimage sites for Jains. His life and teachings continue to inspire millions of Jains around the world, promoting a life of simplicity, non-violence, and detachment from material possessions.

See Also

• Tirthankara
• Jain cosmology
• Ahimsa in Jainism
• Jain festivals