Rudolph Nissen

Fundoplicatio nach Nissen Zeichnung

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Albert Einstein Head

Rudolph Nissen (1896–1981) was a prominent surgeon best known for developing the Nissen fundoplication, a surgical procedure used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Born in Neisse, Germany, Nissen's contributions to the field of medicine and surgery have had a lasting impact, particularly in the areas of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.

Early Life and Education

Rudolph Nissen was born on September 5, 1896, in Neisse, then part of the German Empire. He pursued his medical education at several universities across Germany, showing early interest in the field of surgery. After completing his medical degree, Nissen furthered his training under the tutelage of some of the most renowned surgeons in Europe, including Ludwig Aschoff and Ferdinand Sauerbruch, which significantly shaped his surgical techniques and philosophies.

Career

Nissen's career was marked by significant contributions to surgery, particularly in the treatment of thoracic conditions. He held various prestigious positions throughout his career, including the head of surgery at the University of Istanbul and later at the University of Basel in Switzerland. It was during his tenure in Istanbul that Nissen first performed the procedure that would bear his name, the Nissen fundoplication, in 1955. This procedure was initially developed to treat hiatal hernia but was found to be highly effective in managing GERD by wrapping the fundus of the stomach around the lower esophagus to prevent acid reflux.

In addition to his work on GERD, Nissen was involved in pioneering efforts in lung surgery, including the first successful pulmonary embolectomy. He was also known for his work during World War II, where he provided surgical care under challenging conditions, further demonstrating his skill and dedication to his patients.

Legacy

Rudolph Nissen's legacy in the field of surgery is profound. The Nissen fundoplication remains a standard procedure for the surgical management of GERD, reflecting his lasting impact on gastrointestinal surgery. His contributions extend beyond this single procedure, with significant impacts on thoracic surgery, surgical education, and patient care. Nissen's work has been recognized with numerous awards and honors throughout his career, and he is remembered as a pioneer in surgery whose innovations have saved countless lives.

Selected Publications

Throughout his career, Nissen authored numerous articles and textbooks that have contributed to the surgical literature. His publications, particularly those on the Nissen fundoplication and thoracic surgery, continue to be referenced by surgeons and medical professionals worldwide.

Death and Honors

Rudolph Nissen passed away on January 22, 1981. His death marked the loss of one of the most influential figures in the field of surgery. Posthumously, his contributions continue to be celebrated, and his techniques remain foundational in surgical practice.