Salafi movement

MuhammadRashidRida

Al-Shawkani

SiddiqHasanKhan

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Tahir al-Jazayiri - Al-Alam, V3, P 363

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Jamal al-Din al-Qasimi - Al-Alam, V2, P 153

Cover of the second issue of al-Manar magazine, 1899

== Salafi Movement ==

The Salafi movement is a reform branch within Sunni Islam that emerged in the late 19th century. It advocates a return to what its adherents believe to be the purest form of Islam, as practiced by the Salaf, the earliest generations of Muslims, including the Prophet Muhammad, his companions, and the two subsequent generations. The term "Salafi" is derived from the Arabic word "Salaf," meaning "predecessor" or "ancestor."

Historical Background

The Salafi movement traces its roots to the teachings of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, an early Islamic scholar and theologian. However, it gained significant momentum in the 18th century with the rise of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, whose alliance with the House of Saud led to the establishment of the First Saudi State. The movement further evolved in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, influenced by reformers such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, and Rashid Rida.

Core Beliefs

Salafis emphasize the importance of Tawhid (the oneness of God) and reject Bid'ah (innovation in religious matters). They advocate for a strict adherence to the Quran and Hadith, and they often oppose Sufism and other practices they consider to be deviations from true Islam.

Branches and Variants

The Salafi movement is not monolithic and includes various sub-groups with differing views on political and social issues. Some of the notable branches include:

• Wahhabism: A conservative branch that originated in the Arabian Peninsula.
• Madkhalism: A quietist branch that emphasizes obedience to established Muslim authorities.
• Jihadi-Salafism: A militant branch that advocates for armed struggle to establish an Islamic state.

Influence and Spread

The Salafi movement has a significant presence in various parts of the world, including the Middle East, North Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. It has been supported by various governments and organizations, particularly in Saudi Arabia, which has funded the spread of Salafi teachings through educational institutions and media.

Criticism and Controversy

The Salafi movement has faced criticism from both within and outside the Muslim community. Critics argue that its strict interpretation of Islam can lead to intolerance and extremism. The association of some Salafi groups with terrorism has also contributed to its controversial reputation.

Related Pages

• Sunni Islam
• Ahmad ibn Hanbal
• Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
• House of Saud
• Jamal al-Din al-Afghani
• Muhammad Abduh
• Rashid Rida
• Tawhid
• Bid'ah
• Quran
• Hadith
• Sufism
• Wahhabism
• Madkhalism
• Jihadi-Salafism
• Saudi Arabia