Satratoxin-H

Satratoxin-H is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Stachybotrys chartarum, also known as black mold. It is a member of the trichothecene mycotoxin family, which are potent inhibitors of protein synthesis. Satratoxin-H is particularly toxic when inhaled, and can cause a variety of adverse health effects.

Structure and Synthesis

Satratoxin-H is a macrocyclic trichothecene, meaning it has a large, ring-like structure. Its synthesis by S. chartarum involves multiple steps, including the addition of an epoxide group, which is responsible for much of the toxin's biological activity. The exact mechanisms of satratoxin-H synthesis are still under investigation.

Toxicity

Satratoxin-H is highly toxic to humans and animals. It inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome, the cellular machinery responsible for translating RNA into protein. This can lead to cell death and a variety of health effects.

Health Effects

Exposure to satratoxin-H can cause a variety of symptoms, including cough, rhinitis, dermatitis, and immunosuppression. In severe cases, it can cause a condition known as pulmonary hemorrhage, which is characterized by bleeding in the lungs. Long-term exposure can lead to chronic health problems, such as asthma and pneumonia.

Detection and Prevention

Satratoxin-H can be detected in environmental samples using techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Prevention of exposure involves controlling moisture and humidity to prevent the growth of S. chartarum, as well as proper use of personal protective equipment when handling materials contaminated with the fungus.

See Also

• Mycotoxin
• Stachybotrys chartarum
• Trichothecene