Serous microcystic adenoma

Serous microcystic adenoma (SMA), also known as serous cystadenoma, is a benign tumor that primarily occurs in the pancreas. It is a rare type of pancreatic neoplasm that accounts for approximately 1-2% of all exocrine pancreatic tumors.

Overview

Serous microcystic adenomas are characterized by the presence of multiple small cysts that are filled with a clear, serous fluid. These cysts are lined by a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells. The tumors are typically well-circumscribed and can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with serous microcystic adenoma often present with non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain, weight loss, and jaundice. However, many patients are asymptomatic and the tumor is discovered incidentally during imaging studies for unrelated conditions.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of serous microcystic adenoma is typically made through a combination of imaging studies and histological examination. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reveal the characteristic appearance of the tumor, while histopathology can confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

The treatment of serous microcystic adenoma depends on the size and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Small, asymptomatic tumors may be monitored with regular imaging studies. Larger tumors, or those causing symptoms, may require surgical removal.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with serous microcystic adenoma is generally good, as these tumors are benign and do not spread to other parts of the body. However, complications can arise if the tumor grows large enough to compress nearby organs or structures.