Single upper central incisor

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Single upper central incisor (SUCI) is a rare dental anomaly characterized by the presence of only one central incisor in the upper jaw, instead of the usual pair. This condition can occur as an isolated anomaly or as part of a syndrome. The single incisor is typically located along the midline of the upper jaw, representing a unique clinical and radiographic appearance.

Etiology

The exact cause of single upper central incisor is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to disturbances in the developmental process of the tooth germ during the early stages of intrauterine life. Genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both may play a role. In some cases, SUCI is associated with certain syndromes, such as Holoprosencephaly, a condition where the forebrain fails to divide into two hemispheres.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of single upper central incisor is primarily based on clinical examination and radiographic findings. The condition can be identified through routine dental examinations or radiographs that reveal the absence of one of the central incisors and the presence of a single, centrally located incisor. In cases where SUCI is part of a syndrome, additional diagnostic tests may be required to identify other associated anomalies.

Treatment

The treatment for single upper central incisor varies depending on the individual case and whether the condition is isolated or part of a syndrome. Options may include orthodontic treatment to align the single incisor and create space for a prosthetic replacement of the missing incisor, or dental restoration techniques to modify the shape of the existing incisor to mimic the appearance of two separate teeth. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to address associated anomalies or to prepare the jaw for prosthetic replacements.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with a single upper central incisor largely depends on the presence of associated syndromes or anomalies. For isolated cases of SUCI, the prognosis is generally good, especially with appropriate dental and orthodontic treatment. However, for individuals with syndromic associations, the overall prognosis will depend on the severity and treatment of the other anomalies.

See also

• Tooth development
• Dental anomaly
• Holoprosencephaly

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