Stevens Johnson syndrome

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a rare, serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. It's usually a reaction to a medication or an infection. Often, it begins with flu-like symptoms, followed by a painful red or purplish rash that spreads and blisters, then the top layer of the affected skin dies, sheds and then heals.

Causes

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is typically caused by a hypersensitive reaction to a medication or an infection. Some of the most common medications known to trigger SJS include antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and anticonvulsants. Infections that can cause SJS include herpes simplex virus and HIV.

Symptoms

Initial symptoms of SJS are often flu-like, including fever, sore throat, and fatigue. This is followed by a red or purplish rash that spreads, blisters, and eventually causes the top layer of the skin to die and shed. Other symptoms can include severe eye inflammation and discomfort, dryness of the skin and mucous membranes, and difficulty swallowing or eating.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is typically based on the presence of characteristic symptoms and a history of recent medication use or infection. Skin biopsy may be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment of SJS primarily involves identifying and removing the cause, if possible, and providing supportive care. This can include hospitalization in a burn unit or intensive care unit, pain control, and treatment of any infections that occur. In severe cases, treatment may also include immunoglobulins or corticosteroids.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome varies depending on the severity of the condition and the patient's overall health. With prompt and appropriate treatment, most people can recover fully, although they may have significant scarring and other long-term complications.

See also

• Toxic epidermal necrolysis
• Erythema multiforme
• Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms

NIH genetic and rare disease info

• NIH info on Stevens Johnson syndrome

Stevens Johnson syndrome is a rare disease.

Stevens Johnson syndrome Resources
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