Streptococcus sobrinus

Streptococcus sobrinus is a species of Gram-positive bacteria in the genus Streptococcus. This bacterium is a member of the mutans group, a subgroup of streptococci that are significant contributors to tooth decay due to their ability to metabolize sucrose to lactic acid and form dental plaque.

Characteristics

Streptococcus sobrinus is a non-motile, aerobic bacterium that forms chains or pairs. It is coccus-shaped and has a Gram-positive cell wall. The bacterium is catalase-negative and oxidase-negative, and it ferments a variety of carbohydrates, producing lactic acid as a major end product.

Pathogenesis

Streptococcus sobrinus is one of the primary bacterial species involved in the development of dental caries, particularly in the rapid progression of caries. It metabolizes sucrose to lactic acid, which demineralizes tooth enamel, leading to cavity formation. The bacterium also produces extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose, which contribute to the formation of dental plaque.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of Streptococcus sobrinus infection primarily involves maintaining good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, and limiting the intake of sugary foods and drinks. Treatment of infections caused by this bacterium typically involves the use of antibiotics, such as penicillin or amoxicillin.

Research

Research into Streptococcus sobrinus is ongoing, with studies focusing on understanding its pathogenesis, developing methods for its detection and quantification in dental plaque, and finding new strategies for its prevention and treatment.

See Also

• Streptococcus mutans
• Dental caries
• Oral microbiology