Striosome

Striosome is a component of the neostriatum, a part of the brain that is involved in the reward system and decision-making. Striosomes are clusters of neurons that are distributed throughout the neostriatum. They are also known as "patches" and are distinguished from the surrounding matrix by their dense dopamine receptors and unique molecular markers.

Structure

Striosomes are composed of clusters of neurons that are densely packed with dopamine receptors. These clusters are distributed throughout the neostriatum, a part of the brain that is involved in the reward system and decision-making. The striosomes are distinguished from the surrounding matrix by their unique molecular markers, including calbindin, substance P, and enkephalin.

File:Striosome and Matrix in the Striatum.png

Striosome and Matrix in the Striatum

Function

The function of striosomes is not fully understood, but they are thought to play a role in the reward system of the brain. They are involved in the processing of rewarding stimuli and the initiation of goal-directed behaviors. Striosomes also play a role in decision-making, particularly in situations that involve risk and reward.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the striosomes have been implicated in several neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and schizophrenia. In Parkinson's disease, the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the striosomes contributes to the motor symptoms of the disease. In Huntington's disease, the striosomes are one of the first areas of the brain to be affected, leading to changes in mood and cognition.

Research

Research on striosomes is ongoing, with scientists using advanced imaging techniques to study their structure and function. This research could lead to new treatments for neurological and psychiatric disorders.

See also

• Neostriatum
• Dopamine
• Neurons

References

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