Syndrome X

Syndrome X (also known as Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance Syndrome, or Dysmetabolic Syndrome) is a medical condition characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in one person. These risk factors include insulin resistance, hypertension, cholesterol abnormalities, and an increased risk for blood clotting. Affected individuals are most often overweight or obese.

Definition

Syndrome X is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the presence of insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes, plus any two of the following: obesity, hypertension, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, or microalbuminuria.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Syndrome X can vary, but they often include fatigue, difficulty losing weight, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and an increased risk for heart disease and stroke.

Causes

The exact cause of Syndrome X is unknown, but it is thought to be related to insulin resistance. Other factors that may contribute to the development of this syndrome include obesity, lack of physical activity, poor diet, and genetic factors.

Treatment

Treatment for Syndrome X typically involves lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise. Medications may also be used to manage individual risk factors.

See also

• Insulin resistance
• Obesity
• Hypertension
• Cholesterol
• Cardiovascular disease