Tabhane

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Tabhane is a term used in Ottoman architecture to refer to a type of guesthouse or lodge. These structures were typically associated with mosques and served as accommodations for travelers, students, and the poor. The word "tabhane" is derived from the Arabic word "tabaq," meaning "to cook," indicating that these lodges often provided food and shelter.

History

Tabhanes were an integral part of the Ottoman Empire's social welfare system. They were often funded by waqf (endowments) and were part of larger külliye complexes, which included mosques, madrasas, hammams, and other public buildings. The primary purpose of a tabhane was to offer hospitality to travelers and pilgrims, reflecting the Islamic tradition of charity and hospitality.

Architecture

The architectural design of tabhanes varied, but they generally featured a central courtyard surrounded by rooms. The courtyard often contained a fountain or a small garden. The rooms were simple, providing basic amenities for guests. Some tabhanes also included a kitchen and dining area where food was prepared and served to the guests.

Function

Tabhanes served multiple functions:

• **Accommodation**: They provided lodging for travelers, students, and the poor.
• **Food**: Many tabhanes offered meals to their guests, reflecting the charitable nature of these institutions.
• **Education**: In some cases, tabhanes were associated with madrasas and provided accommodation for students and scholars.

Notable Examples

Several notable tabhanes have survived to the present day, often as part of larger historical complexes. Some of these include:

• Süleymaniye Mosque in Istanbul, which includes a well-preserved tabhane.
• Selimiye Mosque in Edirne, another example of a mosque complex with a tabhane.

Decline and Legacy

With the decline of the Ottoman Empire and the modernization of Turkey, many tabhanes fell into disuse or were repurposed. However, their legacy continues in the form of modern social welfare institutions and the architectural heritage they left behind.

See Also

• Ottoman architecture
• Külliye
• Waqf
• Mosque
• Madrasa
• Hammam