Thyroglossal duct cyst

Thyroglossal Duct Cyst is a type of anatomical pathology that is characterized by a fibrous cyst that forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct. It is the most common type of congenital neck abnormality and is usually located near the hyoid bone.

Anatomy

The thyroglossal duct is an embryological anatomical structure which forms during the development of the thyroid gland. If this duct fails to atrophy and disappear as it normally should, portions may remain. These remnants can give rise to a thyroglossal duct cyst.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of a thyroglossal duct cyst include a small, painless mass in the neck that can move up and down when swallowing, difficulty swallowing, and in some cases, difficulty breathing. Infections can cause pain and tenderness over the area of the cyst.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a thyroglossal duct cyst is typically made through physical examination and imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. A fine needle aspiration may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

The standard treatment for a thyroglossal duct cyst is surgical removal, specifically a procedure known as the Sistrunk procedure. This procedure involves removing the cyst along with a portion of the hyoid bone and a core of tissue around the thyroglossal tract.

See also

• Branchial cleft cyst
• Dermoid cyst
• Ranula
• Thyroid

References

Thyroglossal duct cyst Resources
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