Todd's syndrome

Todd's Syndrome, also known as Alice in Wonderland Syndrome (AIWS), is a rare neurological disorder characterized by distortions of visual perception, the body image, and the experience of time. Named after the British psychiatrist, Dr. John Todd, who first described the condition in 1955, it is often associated with migraines, brain tumors, and the use of psychoactive drugs.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Todd's Syndrome are distortions of perception. These can include micropsia (seeing objects smaller than they are), macropsia (seeing objects larger than they are), and a distorted perception of time and self. Patients may also experience derealization, a feeling that one's surroundings are not real.

Causes

While the exact cause of Todd's Syndrome is unknown, it is often associated with migraines, epilepsy, and the use of psychoactive drugs. Some researchers believe that it may be related to abnormal activity in the parts of the brain that process visual information and the sense of self.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Todd's Syndrome is primarily based on the patient's description of their symptoms. There are no specific tests for the condition, and it is often diagnosed by ruling out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for Todd's Syndrome primarily involves managing the symptoms and any underlying conditions, such as migraines or epilepsy. This can include medication to prevent or reduce migraines, and counseling or therapy to help manage the perceptual distortions.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Todd's Syndrome is generally good. The perceptual distortions are typically transient and do not cause lasting damage. However, the condition can be distressing and may interfere with daily life.

See also

• Migraine
• Epilepsy
• Derealization
• Micropsia
• Macropsia

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