Toxic substances

Toxic Substances are materials that cause damage to living organisms through chemical reactions or other direct physical effects when an organism is exposed to sufficient quantities. The term "toxic" is often used to refer to both naturally occurring and man-made substances.

Definition

A Toxic Substance is defined as any chemical or mixture that may be harmful to the environment and to human health if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin. The degree of toxicity can vary greatly, depending on the substance in question, the dose, and the duration and method of exposure.

Types of Toxic Substances

Toxic substances can be classified into several types, including:

• Carcinogens: These are substances that can cause cancer.
• Mutagens: These are substances that can cause changes in the DNA of an organism, potentially leading to genetic disorders.
• Teratogens: These are substances that can cause developmental problems in unborn children when pregnant women are exposed.
• Neurotoxins: These are substances that can cause damage to the nervous system.
• Allergens: These are substances that can cause allergic reactions.

Exposure to Toxic Substances

Exposure to toxic substances can occur through various routes, including inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. The effects of exposure can range from minor irritation to severe health problems such as cancer, reproductive harm, and death.

Regulation of Toxic Substances

In many countries, the production, use, and disposal of toxic substances are regulated by laws and regulations. For example, in the United States, the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) gives the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the authority to require reporting, record-keeping and testing requirements, and restrictions relating to chemical substances and/or mixtures.

See Also

• Poison
• Toxicology
• Hazardous Materials
• Environmental Health