Undescended testicles

Undescended testicles, also known as cryptorchidism, is a condition that is present at birth in some males. In this condition, one or both of the testes fail to descend into the scrotum before birth.

Causes

The exact cause of undescended testicles is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to a combination of genetics, maternal health, and environmental factors. Some research suggests that exposure to certain substances during pregnancy may increase the risk.

Symptoms

The primary sign of undescended testicles is the absence of one or both testes from the scrotum. This is often noticed at birth or shortly thereafter. In some cases, the testicle may be felt in the lower abdomen or inguinal canal.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of undescended testicles is often made during a physical examination. The doctor may also order an ultrasound or other imaging tests to locate the undescended testicle if it is not palpable.

Treatment

Treatment for undescended testicles is usually surgery to move the testicle into the scrotum. This is typically done between 6 and 12 months of age. Hormonal therapy may also be used in some cases.

Complications

Potential complications of undescended testicles include infertility, testicular cancer, testicular torsion, and psychological stress.

See also

• Testicular torsion
• Testicular cancer
• Infertility
• Pediatric urology

Undescended testicles Resources
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References

External links

• Mayo Clinic - Undescended testicle
• WebMD - Undescended Testicle (Cryptorchidism)

Further reading

• "Undescended testis: how extensive should the work up be?"
• "The undescended testis: Clinical management and scientific advances"