Undescended testis

Undescended testis or cryptorchidism is a condition that affects approximately 3% of full-term and 30% of premature infant boys, in which one or both of the testes fail to descend into the scrotum before birth. This condition is one of the most common male genital birth defects.

Causes

The exact cause of undescended testis is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetics, maternal health, and environmental factors. Some research suggests that exposure to certain substances during pregnancy can increase the risk of this condition.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of undescended testis is often made shortly after birth during a physical examination. In some cases, if the testicle is not palpable, an ultrasound or MRI may be used to locate it.

Treatment

Treatment for undescended testis is usually surgical, with a procedure known as an orchidopexy. This procedure involves moving the undescended testicle into the scrotum and stitching it into place.

Complications

Potential complications of undescended testis include testicular torsion, infertility, and an increased risk of testicular cancer. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider are recommended to monitor for these potential complications.

See also

• Orchidopexy
• Testicular torsion
• Testicular cancer