Uniconazole

Uniconazole is a plant growth regulator and fungicide that is commonly used in agriculture and horticulture. It is a member of the triazole class of compounds, which are known for their ability to inhibit the biosynthesis of sterols in plants and fungi.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Uniconazole is a white crystalline powder with the chemical formula C15H18ClN3O. It is slightly soluble in water and readily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone. The compound has a melting point of 165-167°C and a molecular weight of 291.78 g/mol.

Mode of Action

Uniconazole acts by inhibiting the biosynthesis of gibberellins, a group of plant hormones that promote cell elongation and division. This results in a reduction in plant height and an increase in root growth, making it useful for controlling the size of ornamental plants and improving the drought resistance of crops.

In addition to its growth-regulating properties, uniconazole also has fungicidal activity. It inhibits the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of fungal cell membranes, thereby disrupting the growth and reproduction of fungi.

Uses

Uniconazole is widely used in agriculture and horticulture to control the growth of a variety of plants. It is particularly effective in controlling the size of ornamental plants such as poinsettia, chrysanthemum, and azalea. In agriculture, it is used to improve the drought resistance of crops such as rice, wheat, and corn.

Safety and Environmental Impact

Uniconazole is considered to be low in toxicity to humans and animals. However, it can cause eye irritation and may be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. It is not considered to be a carcinogen or a mutagen.

In the environment, uniconazole is moderately persistent, with a half-life in soil of approximately 30 days. It has low mobility in soil and is not expected to leach into groundwater. It is moderately toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates.

See Also

• Plant Growth Regulator
• Fungicide
• Triazole

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