Variola minor

Variola minor is a less severe form of smallpox caused by the Variola virus. It is also known as alastrim, cottonpox, milkpox, whitepox, and Cuban itch.

History

The disease was first described in the 19th century in Central America and the Caribbean. It was recognized as a distinct form of smallpox in 1909. Variola minor was less common than Variola major, the more severe form of smallpox, but caused a similar pattern of disease and was also highly contagious.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Variola minor are similar to those of Variola major, but generally milder. They include fever, headache, backache, and chills, followed by a rash that develops into characteristic pustules. The rash typically appears on the face before spreading to other parts of the body.

Transmission

Variola minor is transmitted from person to person, primarily through respiratory droplets. It can also be spread by direct contact with the rash, pustules, or scabs of an infected person.

Treatment and Prevention

There is no specific treatment for Variola minor. Care is supportive, aimed at relieving symptoms and preventing complications. The smallpox vaccine can prevent the disease if given before exposure or within a few days after exposure.

Eradication

Variola minor was eradicated along with Variola major through a global vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization. The last known natural case of Variola minor occurred in Somalia in 1977.

See also

• Smallpox
• Variola major
• World Health Organization
• Eradication of infectious diseases