Variola minor virus

Variola minor is a less severe form of the smallpox virus, known as Variola. It is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, which also includes the Variola major virus, the more severe form of smallpox.

History

Variola minor was first identified in the late 19th century, during a period of widespread smallpox epidemics. It was distinguished from Variola major due to its significantly lower mortality rate.

Characteristics

Like all Orthopoxviruses, Variola minor is a large, complex virus with a linear, double-stranded DNA genome. The virus is highly contagious and is transmitted from person to person, primarily through respiratory droplets.

Symptoms and Treatment

The symptoms of Variola minor are similar to those of Variola major, but generally milder. They include fever, headache, and a distinctive rash. Treatment for Variola minor is primarily supportive, as there is no specific antiviral therapy for the disease.

Eradication

Variola minor, along with Variola major, was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization in 1980, following a global vaccination campaign. The last known natural case of Variola minor occurred in Somalia in 1977.

See Also

• Smallpox
• Variola major
• Orthopoxvirus
• World Health Organization