Premature ventricular contraction

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Premature ventricular contraction
File:Ectopic focus (no title).svg
Synonyms	Ventricular premature beat, ventricular extrasystole
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Palpitations, feeling of "skipped" heartbeats
Complications	Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation
Onset	Can occur at any age
Duration	Usually brief
Types	N/A
Causes	Electrolyte imbalance, stress, caffeine, alcohol, tobacco, heart disease
Risks	Hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction
Diagnosis	Electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor
Differential diagnosis	Atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Lifestyle changes, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, antiarrhythmic drugs
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally benign in healthy individuals
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Premature ventricular contraction

Premature ventricular contraction

Premature ventricular contraction

Premature ventricular contraction

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is a relatively common event where the heart has a heartbeat that is not initiated by the sinoatrial node, the natural pacemaker of the heart where normal heartbeat is initiated. It is caused by an impulse from a ventricular focus.

Causes

PVCs may be caused by heart disease, stress, exercise, caffeine, certain medications, and alcohol. They may occur in healthy individuals and are sometimes found during routine ECG examinations.

Symptoms

PVCs are typically asymptomatic, but they can cause heart palpitations, and in severe cases, they may lead to cardiomyopathy.

Diagnosis

PVCs can be diagnosed through an ECG, Holter monitor, or event monitor. The ECG will show a premature beat, and the following beat will be a compensatory pause.

Treatment

Treatment for PVCs is typically not necessary unless they are causing significant symptoms or are linked to other forms of heart disease. In such cases, treatment may include medications, lifestyle changes, or in severe cases, catheter ablation.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with PVCs is typically good, especially in those without other heart disease. However, frequent PVCs or certain patterns of them may be a sign of an increased risk of death.

See also

• Cardiac dysrhythmia
• Bigeminy
• Trigeminy
• Ventricular tachycardia

External links

• Mayo Clinic - Premature ventricular contractions