Viverra

Viverra zibetha ras

Large Indian Civet, Viverra zibetha in Kaeng Krachan national park

Malay civet

Large-spotted Civet (Viverra megaspila)

Viverra is a genus of the family Viverridae, which is a member of the order Carnivora. This genus includes several species known as large civets, which are native to Asia. Viverra species are medium-sized carnivores, distinguished by their elongated bodies, short legs, and well-defined webbing between their toes. They possess a unique glandular structure near their reproductive organs, which produces a musky odor used for territorial marking and communication. The most well-known species within this genus is the Large Indian Civet (Viverra zibetha).

Description

Members of the genus Viverra exhibit a significant degree of sexual dimorphism, with males typically being larger than females. They have a characteristic pattern of fur, which includes a combination of spots and stripes that serve as camouflage in their natural habitat. Their diet is omnivorous, consisting of small vertebrates, insects, and various fruits and seeds. Viverra species are primarily nocturnal and lead a solitary lifestyle, with well-defined territories that they mark using their scent glands.

Habitat and Distribution

Viverra species are found across various habitats in Asia, ranging from dense tropical rainforests to open grasslands. Their distribution extends from the southern parts of the Himalayas to Southeast Asia, including countries such as India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Thailand, and Indonesia. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to human activities pose significant threats to their populations.

Conservation Status

The conservation status of Viverra species varies, with some being classified as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), while others face threats from habitat destruction and the illegal wildlife trade. The Large Indian Civet, for example, has been listed as Vulnerable due to these pressures. Conservation efforts for these species include habitat protection, anti-poaching measures, and legal protection under various wildlife conservation laws.

In Culture

Viverra species have been part of local cultures and economies in Asia for centuries. Historically, the musk produced by their scent glands has been used in traditional medicines and perfumes. However, this has also made them targets for hunting and poaching, contributing to declines in some populations.

See Also

• Carnivora
• Viverridae
• Civet
• Wildlife conservation