Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA) is a type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) where the body's immune system produces antibodies that target and destroy its own red blood cells (RBCs) at body temperature. This condition is characterized by the presence of IgG antibodies that react optimally at 37°C (98.6°F).

Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]

In WAIHA, the immune system mistakenly identifies RBCs as foreign and produces autoantibodies against them. These autoantibodies are typically of the IgG class and bind to the RBC surface antigens. The bound antibodies mark the RBCs for destruction, primarily in the spleen and, to a lesser extent, in the liver. This process leads to hemolysis, or the breakdown of RBCs, resulting in anemia.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of WAIHA can vary but often include:

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of WAIHA typically involves several laboratory tests, including:

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment of WAIHA may include:

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The prognosis for individuals with WAIHA varies. Some patients respond well to treatment and achieve remission, while others may experience chronic or recurrent episodes of hemolysis.

Related Pages[edit | edit source]

Categories[edit | edit source]


Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD