Wilms tumour

Wilms' tumour (also known as nephroblastoma) is a rare type of kidney cancer that primarily affects children. It is named after Dr. Max Wilms, the German surgeon who first described it in 1899.

Overview

Wilms' tumour is the most common type of kidney cancer in children, accounting for approximately 90% of cases. It typically occurs in children aged three to four years old, but can also affect older children and occasionally adults. The cause of Wilms' tumour is not fully understood, but it is thought to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of Wilms' tumour is a swollen abdomen, which is usually painless. Other symptoms can include blood in the urine, high blood pressure, fever, loss of appetite, and general malaise. In rare cases, the tumour can spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs or liver.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Wilms' tumour typically involves a combination of physical examination, blood tests, urine tests, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan. A biopsy of the tumour may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for Wilms' tumour usually involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The specific treatment plan will depend on the size and location of the tumour, the child's overall health, and other factors.

Prognosis

The prognosis for children with Wilms' tumour is generally good, with a survival rate of over 90% in cases that are diagnosed early and treated appropriately. However, the prognosis can be poorer in cases where the tumour has spread to other parts of the body.

See also

• Kidney cancer
• Pediatric oncology
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy