Zirconium tetrafluoride

Zirconium tetrafluoride (ZrF₄) is an inorganic chemical compound. It is a component of some fluorozirconate glasses. Like most of the other zirconium halides, it is white and highly sensitive to water. Zirconium tetrafluoride is used in some fluorozirconate glasses like ZBLAN glass. It has a variety of applications in optical fibers, optical coatings, and in the production of ceramics and glass.

Properties

Zirconium tetrafluoride is a white crystalline solid. It is soluble in water, but hydrolyzes rapidly to form oxides and hydrofluoric acid. This reaction is typical of metal halides. ZrF₄ has a melting point of about 932°C and boils at 1,500°C. It is non-combustible and has a high density.

Synthesis

Zirconium tetrafluoride can be synthesized by reacting zirconium metal with fluorine gas at high temperatures. Another method involves the reaction of zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) with hydrofluoric acid (HF), producing ZrF₄ and water as by-products.

Applications

Zirconium tetrafluoride is primarily used in the production of optical fibers and optical coatings due to its low refractive index and high transparency to infrared light. It is also used in the manufacture of ceramics and glass, where it acts as a flux to lower the melting point of the materials. Additionally, ZrF₄ is used in some nuclear reactors as a component of fuel rod coatings due to its high thermal stability and resistance to corrosion.

Safety

Zirconium tetrafluoride is highly corrosive and should be handled with care. It is hazardous to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. In case of contact, immediate flushing with water is recommended. Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling ZrF₄.

See also

• Zirconium
• Fluorine
• Optical fiber
• Ceramics