2,3-Methylenedioxyamphetamine

2,3-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) is a psychoactive drug and a member of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes. It is known for its entactogenic effects, and has been used as an entheogen in a variety of contexts.

History

MDA was first synthesized in 1910 by the pharmaceutical company Merck. However, it did not gain significant attention until the 1960s and 1970s, when it was resynthesized and promoted by Alexander Shulgin, a renowned chemist and psychopharmacologist.

Pharmacology

MDA acts primarily as a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA). It also has a high affinity for the 5-HT2A receptor, which is thought to be responsible for its psychedelic effects.

Effects

MDA's effects include feelings of openness, empathy, love, heightened self-awareness and sensory enhancement. It is also known for its potential to induce psychedelic experiences, such as visual and auditory hallucinations.

Legal status

MDA is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, and is also controlled in many other countries around the world. This means it is illegal to manufacture, buy, possess, or distribute without a license from the government.

Health risks

While MDA is not considered physically addictive, it can be psychologically habit-forming. It can also cause a number of adverse health effects, including dehydration, hyperthermia, serotonin syndrome, and potential neurotoxicity.

See also

• MDMA
• Psychedelic drug
• Alexander Shulgin