2-Toluidine

2-Toluidine, also known as o-toluidine, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₇H₉N. It is one of the three isomers of toluidine, the others being 3-toluidine and 4-toluidine. 2-Toluidine is a derivative of aniline, where a methyl group is substituted at the ortho position relative to the amino group.

Structure and Properties

2-Toluidine is a colorless to pale yellow liquid at room temperature. It has a characteristic amine odor. The compound is slightly soluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether.

• Molecular formula: C₇H₉N
• Molar mass: 107.16 g/mol
• Density: 0.998 g/cm³
• Boiling point: 200 °C (392 °F)
• Melting point: -16 °C (3 °F)

Synthesis

2-Toluidine can be synthesized through the reduction of o-nitrotoluene using hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium on carbon. This process involves the conversion of the nitro group to an amino group.

Applications

2-Toluidine is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of dyes, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. It is a precursor to various azo dyes, which are used in textile and leather industries.

Health and Safety

2-Toluidine is classified as a potential carcinogen and exposure should be minimized. It can be absorbed through the skin, inhaled, or ingested, leading to potential health risks. Proper safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment, should be employed when handling this chemical.

Environmental Impact

2-Toluidine can be released into the environment through industrial discharges. It is important to monitor and control its release to prevent contamination of water sources and soil.

Regulation

Due to its potential health risks, the use and disposal of 2-toluidine are regulated by various environmental and health agencies. It is important to comply with these regulations to ensure safety and environmental protection.

Also see

• Aniline
• Toluidine
• Azo dye
• Carcinogen