3D modeling

3D Modeling

An early concept design of the ERIS instrument

3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any three-dimensional surface of an object via specialized software. The product is called a 3D model. It can be displayed as a two-dimensional image through a process called 3D rendering or used in a computer simulation of physical phenomena.

History

The origins of 3D modeling can be traced back to the 1960s when computer graphics were first being developed. Early models were simple and used primarily for scientific and engineering purposes. Over time, the technology evolved, allowing for more complex and realistic models.

Techniques

3D modeling involves several techniques, including:

• Polygonal modeling: This is the most common method, where models are created using polygons. Low-poly models are often used in video games and real-time applications.
• NURBS modeling: Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines are used for creating smooth surfaces and are often used in automotive and industrial design.
• Sculpting: This technique allows for more organic shapes and is often used in character design and animation.
• Procedural modeling: This involves using algorithms to automatically generate models, often used for creating complex structures like cities or landscapes.

Applications

3D modeling is used in various fields, including:

• Architecture: For creating detailed building models.
• Video games: To create characters, environments, and objects.
• Film and animation: For special effects and animated features.
• Medicine: For visualizing anatomical structures and surgical planning.
• Forensics: For reconstructing crime scenes or facial reconstructions.

Software

There are numerous software packages available for 3D modeling, ranging from free and open-source options like Blender to professional-grade software like Maya and 3ds Max.

Related pages

• 3D rendering
• Computer graphics
• Animation
• Virtual reality

Gallery

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  Low-poly hand-painted 3D house

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  Fantasitron photo booth at Madurodam

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  The Utah teapot, a standard reference object in 3D modeling

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  3D fantasy fish model

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  Dynamic 3D clothing model

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  Steps of forensic facial reconstruction

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  An early concept design of the ERIS instrument

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  Low-poly hand-painted 3D house rotating

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  Fantasitron photo booth at Madurodam can scan up to two people at a time

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  Utah teapot

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  Lai4d 3D fantasy fish

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  Dynamic 3D Clothing Model made in Marvelous Designer

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  Steps of forensic facial reconstruction - Virtual Mummy