5-HT2A receptor

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5-HT2A receptor
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The 5-HT2A receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for serotonin (5-HT), encoded by the HTR2A gene in humans. It is one of the several receptors for serotonin and plays a crucial role in various physiological and neurological processes.

Structure

The 5-HT2A receptor is a member of the serotonin receptor family, which is part of the larger class of GPCRs. These receptors are characterized by their seven transmembrane domains. The 5-HT2A receptor is primarily found in the central nervous system (CNS) but is also present in other tissues.

Function

The 5-HT2A receptor is involved in the modulation of neurotransmitter release, including dopamine and glutamate, and plays a significant role in cognition, perception, and mood. It is implicated in various psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety.

Pharmacology

The 5-HT2A receptor is a target for various psychoactive drugs, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, and hallucinogens. Atypical antipsychotics like clozapine and risperidone act as antagonists at this receptor, while hallucinogens such as LSD and psilocybin act as agonists.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the function or expression of the 5-HT2A receptor have been associated with several psychiatric and neurological disorders. For instance, increased 5-HT2A receptor density has been observed in patients with schizophrenia. The receptor is also a target for therapeutic interventions in depression and anxiety disorders.

Research

Ongoing research is focused on understanding the precise role of the 5-HT2A receptor in various neurological and psychiatric conditions. Studies are also exploring the potential therapeutic benefits of modulating this receptor in treating these disorders.

See also

• Serotonin receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Schizophrenia
• Depression (mood)
• Anxiety disorder
• Psychoactive drug