Abortion in Bhutan

Abortion in Bhutan

Abortion in Bhutan is a complex issue that intersects with cultural, legal, and health aspects of the country. Bhutan, a small kingdom in the Eastern Himalayas, has a predominantly Buddhist population, which influences its views on abortion. The legal framework, healthcare access, and societal attitudes towards abortion in Bhutan are shaped by these cultural and religious beliefs.

Legal Status

In Bhutan, abortion is generally illegal except under specific circumstances. The Penal Code of Bhutan, enacted in 2004, criminalizes abortion except when it is performed to save the life of the mother or in cases of rape, incest, or severe fetal impairment. The law reflects the country's Buddhist values, which emphasize the sanctity of life.

The relevant sections of the Penal Code outline the penalties for illegal abortion, which can include imprisonment and fines. However, enforcement of these laws can vary, and there are reports of women seeking unsafe abortions due to the restrictive legal environment.

Healthcare Access

Access to safe abortion services in Bhutan is limited. The healthcare system in Bhutan is primarily public, with the government providing free healthcare services to its citizens. However, due to the legal restrictions on abortion, women often face challenges in accessing safe and legal abortion services.

In cases where abortion is permitted by law, it must be performed in a government-approved medical facility by a qualified healthcare provider. Despite these provisions, there are barriers such as lack of awareness, stigma, and limited availability of trained providers that hinder access to safe abortion services.

Cultural and Religious Influences

Buddhism, the dominant religion in Bhutan, plays a significant role in shaping attitudes towards abortion. The Buddhist belief in the sanctity of life and the moral implications of taking a life contribute to the societal stigma surrounding abortion.

Religious leaders and traditional beliefs often discourage abortion, viewing it as a violation of the principle of non-harm (ahimsa). This cultural context influences both public opinion and policy-making in Bhutan.

Public Health and Social Implications

The restrictive abortion laws in Bhutan have public health implications. Women who cannot access legal abortion services may resort to unsafe methods, which can lead to complications and maternal mortality. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach that includes education, access to contraception, and improved healthcare services.

Efforts to improve reproductive health in Bhutan include government and non-governmental initiatives aimed at increasing awareness about family planning and reproductive rights. These initiatives are crucial in reducing the incidence of unsafe abortions and improving maternal health outcomes.

Also see

• Healthcare in Bhutan
• Buddhism in Bhutan
• Reproductive rights
• Maternal health