Neonatal acne

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Neonatal acne is a common skin condition that affects newborns, typically appearing within the first few weeks of life. It is characterized by small red or white bumps on the face, particularly on the cheeks, nose, and forehead. Neonatal acne is generally harmless and usually resolves on its own without treatment.

Presentation

Neonatal acne presents as papules and pustules on the skin of newborns. These lesions are often mistaken for other skin conditions such as milia or infantile acne. Unlike infantile acne, neonatal acne does not usually involve comedones (blackheads or whiteheads).

Causes

The exact cause of neonatal acne is not well understood. It is believed to be related to maternal hormones that cross the placenta and stimulate the baby's sebaceous glands. These hormones can cause the glands to produce excess oil, leading to the formation of acne.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of neonatal acne is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the skin lesions and the age of the infant. A healthcare provider may differentiate neonatal acne from other conditions like eczema, milia, or infantile acne through a physical examination.

Treatment

In most cases, neonatal acne does not require treatment and will resolve on its own within a few weeks to months. Gentle cleansing of the affected area with water and mild soap is usually sufficient. In rare cases where the acne is severe or persistent, a healthcare provider may recommend topical treatments.

Prognosis

The prognosis for neonatal acne is excellent. The condition typically resolves without any long-term effects or scarring. Parents are advised to avoid using over-the-counter acne treatments or harsh skin care products on their newborn's skin.

See also

• Infantile acne
• Milia
• Eczema
• Papule
• Pustule