Aerococcus urinae

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Aerococcus urinae is a Gram-positive bacterium that is part of the genus Aerococcus. It is known to cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other invasive infections, particularly in elderly patients and those with underlying health conditions.

Characteristics

Aerococcus urinae is a cocci-shaped bacterium that typically appears in clusters. It is catalase-negative and exhibits alpha-hemolysis on blood agar. The bacterium is facultatively anaerobic, meaning it can grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen.

Pathogenicity

Aerococcus urinae is primarily associated with urinary tract infections, but it can also cause more severe infections such as endocarditis, bacteremia, and sepsis. The bacterium is often found in the urine of elderly patients, particularly those with catheters or other urinary devices.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Aerococcus urinae infections typically involves urine cultures and blood cultures. The bacterium can be identified through biochemical tests, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.

Treatment

Treatment of Aerococcus urinae infections usually involves antibiotics such as penicillin, amoxicillin, or vancomycin. The choice of antibiotic may depend on the susceptibility profile of the bacterial strain.

Epidemiology

Aerococcus urinae is considered an emerging pathogen, with increasing recognition in clinical settings. It is more commonly isolated in elderly patients and those with underlying health conditions, such as diabetes or chronic kidney disease.

See also

• Urinary tract infection
• Endocarditis
• Bacteremia
• Sepsis
• Gram-positive bacteria