Aethusa cynapium

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Aethusa cynapium, commonly known as fool's parsley, fool's cicely, or poison parsley, is a herbaceous plant in the Apiaceae family. It is native to Europe and Western Asia but has been introduced to other regions, including North America.

Description

Aethusa cynapium is an annual plant that typically grows to a height of 30-80 cm. The plant has a smooth, hollow stem and finely divided, feathery leaves that resemble those of parsley (Petroselinum crispum). The flowers are small, white, and arranged in compound umbels. The plant produces small, ribbed fruits that are about 2-3 mm long.

Toxicity

Aethusa cynapium is highly toxic and contains several poisonous compounds, including coniine and γ-coniceine. Ingestion of the plant can cause severe symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, confusion, seizures, and even death. Due to its toxicity, it is important to distinguish Aethusa cynapium from edible plants like parsley and coriander.

Habitat

Aethusa cynapium thrives in a variety of habitats, including wastelands, roadsides, and gardens. It prefers moist, well-drained soils and can often be found in areas with partial shade.

Identification

Key features for identifying Aethusa cynapium include its finely divided leaves, which are similar to those of parsley, and its small, white flowers arranged in umbels. The plant also has a distinctive, unpleasant odor when crushed.

Control and Management

Due to its toxic nature, it is important to control the spread of Aethusa cynapium in areas where it may pose a risk to humans or animals. Mechanical removal, such as pulling or digging up the plants, is an effective method of control. Care should be taken to wear protective gloves and clothing when handling the plant.

Related Species

Aethusa cynapium is closely related to other members of the Apiaceae family, including Conium maculatum (poison hemlock) and Cicuta virosa (water hemlock), both of which are also highly toxic.

Gallery

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  Aethusa cynapium in bloom

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  Close-up of leaves

See also

• Apiaceae
• Conium maculatum
• Cicuta virosa
• Petroselinum crispum