Agathosma betulina

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Agathosma betulina - K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s Medizinal-Pflanzen-020

Agathosma betulina, commonly known as buchu, is a flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to the lower elevation mountains of Western Cape, South Africa. It is known for its aromatic leaves, which have been used traditionally by the indigenous people of South Africa for medicinal purposes.

Description

Agathosma betulina is a small, multi-stemmed shrub that typically grows to a height of 1.5 to 2 meters. The leaves are elliptical to ovate, with a leathery texture and a strong, aromatic scent. The plant produces small, star-shaped flowers that are white or pale pink in color. The fruit is a small capsule that releases seeds when mature.

Habitat

This species is found in the fynbos biome, which is characterized by a Mediterranean climate with wet winters and dry summers. Agathosma betulina thrives in well-drained, sandy soils and is often found on mountain slopes and in valleys.

Uses

The leaves of Agathosma betulina are harvested for their essential oils, which contain compounds such as diosphenol and menthone. These oils are used in the production of perfumes, cosmetics, and flavorings. Traditionally, the leaves have been used to make a herbal tea that is believed to have diuretic, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Cultivation

Agathosma betulina can be propagated from seeds or cuttings. It requires a sunny position and well-drained soil. The plant is relatively drought-tolerant once established but benefits from regular watering during prolonged dry periods. Pruning can help maintain its shape and encourage new growth.

Conservation

The natural habitat of Agathosma betulina is under threat from urbanization, agriculture, and invasive species. Conservation efforts are focused on protecting the remaining natural populations and promoting sustainable harvesting practices.

See also

• Rutaceae
• Fynbos
• Medicinal plants