Ailanthus altissima

Götterbaum (Ailanthus altissima)

Ailanthus altissima drawing

Ailanthus altissima5

AilanthusAltissimaFlower2

Ailanthus altissima1

Tree of Heaven Re-sprouting

Ailanthus altissima, commonly known as the tree of heaven, is a deciduous tree in the Simaroubaceae family. It is native to both northern and central China as well as Taiwan. The tree has become an invasive species in many areas outside its native range.

Description

Ailanthus altissima can grow to a height of 15–25 meters (49–82 feet) with a trunk diameter of about 1 meter (3.3 feet). The leaves are large, pinnately compound, and can be up to 1 meter (3.3 feet) in length. Each leaf typically has 10-41 leaflets, which are lanceolate and have a distinctive odor when crushed.

Reproduction

The tree of heaven is dioecious, meaning that individual trees are either male or female. It produces large clusters of small, yellow-green flowers in late spring to early summer. The seeds are contained in samaras, which are winged and can be dispersed by the wind over long distances.

Habitat and Distribution

Ailanthus altissima is highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of soil types and environmental conditions. It is often found in disturbed areas such as roadsides, urban areas, and abandoned lots. The tree is known for its rapid growth and ability to colonize new areas quickly.

Invasive Species

In many parts of the world, including North America, Europe, and Australia, Ailanthus altissima is considered an invasive species. It can outcompete native vegetation due to its fast growth rate and allelopathic properties, which inhibit the growth of other plants.

Uses

Despite its invasive nature, Ailanthus altissima has been used in traditional medicine and for timber. The wood is lightweight and has been used for making furniture and other wooden items. The tree has also been used in traditional Chinese medicine for its purported health benefits.

Control and Management

Managing the spread of Ailanthus altissima involves mechanical removal, chemical treatments, and biological control methods. Mechanical removal can be challenging due to the tree's ability to resprout from roots and stumps. Chemical treatments often involve the use of herbicides, while biological control methods are still under research.

Related Pages

• Invasive species
• Simaroubaceae
• Traditional Chinese medicine
• Allelopathy