Fluvalinate

Fluvalinate is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that is used extensively in the control of parasites, particularly the Varroa destructor mite, in honey bee colonies. It is a broad-spectrum insecticide that is also used against a variety of other pests in various applications.

Chemistry

Fluvalinate is a member of the pyrethroid class of synthetic insecticides. It is a complex organic compound with the chemical formula C26H22ClF3N2O3. The compound is a pale yellow solid at room temperature and is sparingly soluble in water.

Mode of Action

Fluvalinate acts on the nervous system of insects, disrupting the function of their nerve cells by delaying the closure of the sodium channels in the neurons. This results in an extended period of nerve excitation, leading to paralysis and death of the insect.

Use in Beekeeping

Fluvalinate is commonly used in beekeeping to control the Varroa destructor mite, a significant pest of honey bees. It is typically applied in the form of a strip impregnated with the insecticide, which is placed in the hive. The bees come into contact with the fluvalinate and spread it throughout the colony, killing the mites.

Safety and Toxicity

While fluvalinate is highly toxic to insects, it is generally considered to have low toxicity to mammals, including humans. However, it can cause irritation to the skin and eyes, and prolonged or repeated exposure can lead to more serious health effects. As with all pesticides, it should be used with caution and in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Environmental Impact

Fluvalinate is highly toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms. It is also toxic to bees if they are directly exposed to it, although this risk is generally managed by careful application methods in beekeeping. The compound is persistent in the environment and can accumulate in soil and water bodies.

See Also

• Pyrethroid
• Varroa destructor
• Beekeeping
• Pesticide toxicity to bees