Azelaic acid

Azelaic Acid is an organic compound that is naturally produced by the yeast that lives on normal skin. It is used in the treatment of various skin conditions, including acne, rosacea, and melasma.

Chemistry[edit | edit source]

Azelaic Acid, also known as nonanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid with the molecular formula C9H16O4. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol, hot water, and other organic solvents.

Production[edit | edit source]

Azelaic Acid is produced naturally by the yeast Pityrosporum ovale, which lives on the skin. It can also be produced industrially from oleic acid by ozonolysis, followed by reduction with hydrogen over a palladium catalyst.

Medical Uses[edit | edit source]

Azelaic Acid is used in the treatment of several skin conditions. It has been found to be effective in treating mild to moderate acne, by reducing the production of keratin, which can block pores and lead to acne. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to reduce the redness and swelling associated with acne.

In addition to acne, Azelaic Acid is also used in the treatment of rosacea, a skin condition that causes redness and visible blood vessels in the face. It can help to reduce the redness and inflammation associated with rosacea.

Azelaic Acid is also used in the treatment of melasma, a condition that causes dark, discolored patches on the skin. It works by inhibiting the production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color.

Side Effects[edit | edit source]

While generally well-tolerated, Azelaic Acid can cause side effects in some people. These can include skin irritation, dryness, and peeling. In rare cases, it can cause hypopigmentation, a lightening of the skin.