Azelastine

Article about the use of Azelastine in medical treatment

Synonyms

Azelastine

Drug Information
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Azelastine is a pharmaceutical drug used primarily as an antihistamine for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis. It is available in various forms, including nasal sprays and ophthalmic solutions. Azelastine works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.

Mechanism of Action

Azelastine is a selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist. By binding to these receptors, it prevents histamine from exerting its effects, which include vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and sensory nerve stimulation. This action helps alleviate symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, and itchy or watery eyes.

Indications

Azelastine is indicated for the treatment of:

• Allergic rhinitis: Both seasonal and perennial types.
• Allergic conjunctivitis: To relieve symptoms such as itching and redness of the eyes.

Dosage and Administration

Azelastine is administered as a nasal spray or eye drops. The typical dosage for nasal spray is one or two sprays per nostril twice daily. For ophthalmic use, one drop in each affected eye twice daily is recommended. It is important to follow the specific instructions provided by a healthcare professional.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Azelastine include:

• Bitter taste
• Headache
• Nasal irritation
• Drowsiness

Less common but more serious side effects may include:

• Severe allergic reactions
• Nasal ulcerations

Precautions

Patients should be advised to avoid activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until they know how Azelastine affects them. Alcohol and other central nervous system depressants may enhance the sedative effects of Azelastine.

Drug Interactions

Azelastine may interact with other medications that cause drowsiness, such as benzodiazepines, opioids, and certain antidepressants. It is important to inform healthcare providers of all medications being taken to avoid potential interactions.

Also see

• Antihistamines
• Allergic rhinitis
• Allergic conjunctivitis
• Histamine