Delafloxacin
Delafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and some Gram-negative bacteria. Delafloxacin is marketed under the brand name Baxdela.
Mechanism of Action[edit]
Delafloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes critical for DNA replication and transcription. By interfering with these enzymes, delafloxacin prevents the bacteria from reproducing and repairing their DNA, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
Delafloxacin is available in both oral and intravenous formulations, allowing for flexible administration depending on the clinical scenario. It is well absorbed when taken orally, with a bioavailability of approximately 60%. The drug is widely distributed throughout the body and is primarily excreted via the kidneys.
Clinical Uses[edit]
Delafloxacin is approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). Its broad spectrum of activity makes it a valuable option in treating infections caused by resistant bacteria.
Side Effects[edit]
Common side effects of delafloxacin include nausea, diarrhea, and headache. Like other fluoroquinolones, it carries a risk of more serious side effects such as tendonitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and central nervous system effects. Patients are advised to report any unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider.
Contraindications[edit]
Delafloxacin should not be used in patients with a known hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones. Caution is advised in patients with a history of seizures or other central nervous system disorders.
