Beta adrenergic

Beta Adrenergic is a term that refers to the adrenergic receptors that are responsive to the neurotransmitters epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). These receptors are found in various tissues throughout the body and play a crucial role in the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the body's 'fight or flight' response.

Types of Beta Adrenergic Receptors

There are three known types of beta adrenergic receptors: Beta-1, Beta-2, and Beta-3. Each type has a different distribution in the body and different effects upon activation.

• Beta-1 adrenergic receptors are primarily found in the heart and kidney. Activation of these receptors increases heart rate, contractility, and renin release from the kidney.
• Beta-2 adrenergic receptors are primarily found in the lungs, vascular smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle. Activation of these receptors leads to bronchodilation, vasodilation, and increased skeletal muscle blood flow and glucose uptake.
• Beta-3 adrenergic receptors are primarily found in adipose tissue and the bladder. Activation of these receptors leads to lipolysis and relaxation of the bladder detrusor muscle.

Pharmacology

Beta adrenergic receptors are the target of various pharmacological agents. Beta blockers, such as propranolol and metoprolol, are commonly used to treat conditions like hypertension, angina, and arrhythmia. These drugs work by blocking the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine on the beta adrenergic receptors, thereby reducing heart rate and blood pressure.

On the other hand, beta agonists, such as albuterol and salmeterol, are used to treat conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These drugs work by stimulating the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, leading to bronchodilation and improved airflow.

See Also

• Adrenergic receptor
• Sympathetic nervous system
• Beta blocker
• Beta agonist