Bixa orellana

Bixa orellana, commonly known as Annatto or Achiote, is a species of plant in the family Bixaceae. The plant is best known for producing seeds that are used as a spice and for a natural colorant.

Description

Bixa orellana is a shrub or small tree reaching a height of 6 to 10 meters. The leaves are heart-shaped and the flowers are pink or white. The fruit is a spiny, reddish-brown capsule containing numerous seeds.

Distribution and habitat

Bixa orellana is native to tropical regions from Mexico to Brazil. It is now widely cultivated in many parts of the world for its seeds. The plant prefers well-drained soil and a warm, humid climate.

Uses

The seeds of Bixa orellana are used to produce annatto, a natural colorant used in food, cosmetics, and textiles. The seeds are also used as a spice in many cuisines, especially in Latin America and the Caribbean. In traditional medicine, the plant has been used for a variety of ailments, including digestive problems and skin conditions.

Cultivation

Bixa orellana is usually propagated by seeds, but it can also be propagated by cuttings. The plant requires full sun and well-drained soil. It is relatively drought-tolerant, but it prefers regular watering.

See also

• List of culinary herbs and spices
• List of plants used in herbalism