Bunionectomy

Bunionectomy

A bunionectomy is a surgical procedure to correct a bunion, which is a deformity of the joint connecting the big toe to the foot. The goal of a bunionectomy is to relieve pain and restore normal alignment to the toe. Bunions can cause significant pain and discomfort, and they may interfere with wearing shoes comfortably.

Indications

Bunionectomy is indicated for patients experiencing persistent pain and significant functional impairment due to bunions. This procedure is typically considered after conservative treatments, such as footwear modifications, orthotics, and anti-inflammatory medications, have failed to relieve symptoms.

Procedure

The bunionectomy procedure involves several steps:

1. An incision is made in the skin over the bunion.
2. The bony prominence is removed.
3. The bones of the big toe are realigned.
4. Surgical hardware such as screws or plates may be used to stabilize the joint.
5. The incision is closed with stitches.

The specific techniques used can vary depending on the severity of the bunion and the surgeon's preference. Common types of bunionectomy include the osteotomy (cutting and realigning the joint), exostectomy (removing the bony bump), and arthrodesis (joint fusion).

Recovery

Recovery from a bunionectomy varies but generally involves a period of immobilization followed by rehabilitation. Patients may need to wear a surgical boot or cast and use crutches for several weeks. Physical therapy may be recommended to restore strength and range of motion. Full recovery can take several months.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, bunionectomy carries risks such as infection, nerve damage, and complications from anesthesia. There is also a risk of recurrence of the bunion. Proper postoperative care is essential to minimize these risks.

See Also

• Orthopedic surgery
• Podiatry
• Foot deformities