CD90
CD90[edit | edit source]
CD90, also known as Thy-1, is a glycoprotein that is expressed on the surface of various cell types, including stem cells, neurons, and fibroblasts. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and plays a crucial role in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. CD90 is involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell adhesion, cell migration, and signal transduction.
Structure[edit | edit source]
CD90 is a small glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 25-37 kDa, depending on the extent of glycosylation. It consists of a single V-like immunoglobulin domain, a short stalk region, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail. The extracellular domain is responsible for its interactions with other molecules, while the cytoplasmic tail is involved in intracellular signaling pathways.
Expression[edit | edit source]
CD90 is widely expressed in the body, with notable expression in:
The expression of CD90 can vary depending on the cell type and the physiological or pathological state of the tissue.
Function[edit | edit source]
CD90 is involved in several key functions:
- Cell Adhesion: CD90 mediates cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, which is essential for tissue architecture and integrity.
- Signal Transduction: It participates in signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
- Immune Response: CD90 is involved in modulating immune responses, particularly in the context of T cell activation and inflammation.
- Stem Cell Biology: It is a marker for identifying and isolating stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells, due to its role in maintaining stem cell properties.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
CD90 has been studied in various clinical contexts:
- Cancer: Altered expression of CD90 has been observed in several types of cancer, including liver cancer and glioma. It is thought to play a role in tumor progression and metastasis.
- Regenerative Medicine: Due to its expression on stem cells, CD90 is a target for regenerative therapies aimed at repairing damaged tissues.
- Fibrosis: CD90 is implicated in fibrotic diseases, where it may contribute to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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