Calcaneal pitch

Calcaneal Pitch

Calcaneal pitch measurement on a lateral foot X-ray

The calcaneal pitch is an important radiographic measurement used in the evaluation of the foot's arch height. It is particularly useful in diagnosing conditions such as pes planus (flatfoot) and pes cavus (high arch). The calcaneal pitch is measured on a lateral X-ray of the foot and is defined as the angle between the inferior surface of the calcaneus and the horizontal plane.

Measurement

To measure the calcaneal pitch, a line is drawn along the inferior surface of the calcaneus, from the most posterior point of the calcaneal tuberosity to the most inferior point of the anterior calcaneus. A second line is drawn horizontally, parallel to the weight-bearing surface. The angle formed between these two lines is the calcaneal pitch angle.

Normal Values

The normal range for the calcaneal pitch angle is typically between 17 and 32 degrees. Values below this range may indicate pes planus, while values above this range may suggest pes cavus. However, it is important to consider the calcaneal pitch in conjunction with other clinical findings and radiographic measurements when assessing foot deformities.

Clinical Significance

The calcaneal pitch is a valuable tool in the assessment of foot biomechanics. In patients with pes planus, a decreased calcaneal pitch angle is often observed, reflecting the collapse of the medial longitudinal arch. Conversely, in pes cavus, an increased calcaneal pitch angle is indicative of an exaggerated arch.

Understanding the calcaneal pitch is crucial for orthopedic surgeons, podiatrists, and other healthcare professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of foot disorders. It aids in the planning of surgical interventions and the prescription of orthotic devices.

Related Pages

• Pes planus
• Pes cavus
• Foot biomechanics
• Orthopedic surgery