Central auditory processing disorder

A disorder affecting the processing of auditory information in the brain

Classification
External resources

Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), also known as auditory processing disorder (APD), is a condition that affects the way the brain processes auditory information. Individuals with CAPD typically have normal hearing ability but struggle to interpret and make sense of sounds, particularly speech. This disorder can impact communication, learning, and social interactions.

Overview

Central auditory processing disorder is characterized by difficulties in the perceptual processing of auditory information in the central nervous system. It is not due to higher-order language, cognitive, or related factors, although these may co-exist. CAPD can affect people of all ages, but it is often identified in children when they begin school and are exposed to complex auditory environments.

Symptoms

Symptoms of CAPD can vary widely but often include:

• Difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments
• Problems following spoken instructions
• Misunderstanding similar-sounding words
• Difficulty with phonics and learning to read
• Poor listening skills
• Frequent requests for repetition or clarification
• Difficulty localizing sound sources

Causes

The exact cause of CAPD is not well understood, but it is believed to involve abnormalities in the brain's ability to process auditory information. Potential contributing factors include:

• Neurological disorders or brain injuries
• Genetic predispositions
• Chronic ear infections during critical periods of auditory development

Diagnosis

Diagnosing CAPD involves a comprehensive assessment by an audiologist. The evaluation typically includes:

• A detailed case history
• Hearing tests to rule out peripheral hearing loss
• Auditory processing tests that assess various auditory skills, such as sound localization, auditory discrimination, and temporal processing

Management

Management of CAPD is individualized and may include:

• Auditory training programs to improve specific auditory skills
• Environmental modifications, such as reducing background noise
• Use of assistive listening devices
• Speech-language therapy to address language and communication difficulties
• Educational interventions tailored to the individual's needs

Prognosis

With appropriate intervention, individuals with CAPD can improve their auditory processing abilities and develop effective strategies to cope with their difficulties. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for better outcomes.

Also see

• Hearing loss
• Speech-language pathology
• Dyslexia
• Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
• Learning disability