Chaenomeles

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Chaenomeles cathayensis1SHSU

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Chaenomeles cathayensis fruit

Chaenomeles japonica - Japaninruusukvitteni, Japanese Quince, Jaapani ebaküdoonia C IMG 7703

Japanese quince fruit 2015 G1

Chaenomeles lagenaria6

Chaenomeles is a genus of deciduous shrubs in the family Rosaceae, native to East Asia in Japan, China, and Korea. These plants are known for their attractive blossoms and small fruit, which are sometimes used in cooking and for making jellies. The genus includes several species, with Chaenomeles japonica (Japanese quince) and Chaenomeles speciosa (flowering quince) being among the most popular in cultivation.

Description

Chaenomeles species are deciduous shrubs that can grow up to 3 meters in height. They are characterized by their spiny branches, simple leaves that are alternately arranged, and vibrant flowers that can be red, pink, orange, or white. The flowers are usually followed by small, fragrant, apple-shaped fruit. The fruit is hard and not particularly palatable when raw but can be used in jellies, preserves, and liqueurs after cooking.

Taxonomy

The genus Chaenomeles was previously included in the genus Cydonia, but it has been recognized as a separate genus based on morphological differences, particularly the nature of the fruit and the number of seeds. The genus name Chaenomeles comes from the Greek words chaînein, meaning "to split," and mēlon, meaning "apple," referring to the appearance of the fruit when cut open.

Cultivation and Uses

Chaenomeles is widely cultivated for its ornamental value, with numerous cultivars selected for flower color and growth habit. These shrubs are valued in landscape design for their early spring flowers, which can appear before the leaves and provide a vibrant display. They are adaptable to a range of soil types and conditions but prefer well-drained soil and a sunny to partly shaded location.

In addition to their ornamental use, the fruit of Chaenomeles species is used in traditional East Asian cuisine and herbal medicine. The fruit is high in Vitamin C and can be made into jellies, jams, and marmalades. It is also used in traditional Chinese medicine for its supposed anti-inflammatory properties.

Species

Some notable species within the genus Chaenomeles include:

• Chaenomeles japonica (Japanese quince)
• Chaenomeles speciosa (flowering quince)
• Chaenomeles cathayensis (Chinese quince)
• Chaenomeles sinensis (Chinese flowering quince)

Gallery

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See Also

• Rosaceae
• Quince
• Ornamental plant
• Fruit tree

References

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