Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 6

Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 6 (ChHV6) is a species of virus in the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, and genus Scutavirus. This virus is known to infect sea turtles, particularly the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas).

Virology

Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 6 is a double-stranded DNA virus, characteristic of the Herpesviridae family. The virus has a relatively large genome, typical of herpesviruses, and is capable of establishing latent infections in its host. The virus is primarily transmitted through direct contact between turtles, and possibly through contaminated water.

Pathogenesis

ChHV6 is associated with a disease known as fibropapillomatosis in sea turtles. This disease is characterized by the development of benign tumors on the skin, eyes, and internal organs of affected turtles. These tumors can impair the turtle's ability to swim, feed, and see, leading to increased mortality rates in affected populations.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ChHV6 infection is typically achieved through a combination of clinical examination and molecular techniques. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are commonly used to detect viral DNA in tissue samples from affected turtles. Histopathological examination of tumor tissues can also provide evidence of viral infection.

Treatment and Management

Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for ChHV6 infection in sea turtles. Management of affected populations focuses on supportive care and surgical removal of tumors when feasible. Conservation efforts are also important to reduce the spread of the virus and protect vulnerable turtle populations.

Conservation Implications

The impact of ChHV6 on sea turtle populations is a significant concern for conservationists. Fibropapillomatosis can lead to increased mortality and decreased reproductive success, threatening the survival of affected species. Conservation strategies include monitoring turtle populations, protecting habitats, and reducing human-induced stressors that may exacerbate the spread of the virus.

Also see

• Herpesviridae
• Fibropapillomatosis
• Green sea turtle
• Marine conservation