Chondroid syringoma

Chondroid syringoma
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Chondroid syringoma, also known as a mixed tumor of the skin, is a rare benign skin tumor that arises from the eccrine or apocrine sweat glands. It is characterized by its histological resemblance to pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland.

Presentation

Chondroid syringomas typically present as slow-growing, painless, subcutaneous nodules. They are most commonly found on the head and neck region, particularly on the nose, cheeks, and scalp. These tumors are more frequently observed in middle-aged and older adults, with a slight male predominance.

Histopathology

The histological examination of chondroid syringoma reveals a biphasic pattern, consisting of both epithelial and mesenchymal components. The epithelial component is composed of tubular and ductal structures, while the mesenchymal component resembles cartilage, hence the name "chondroid." The presence of these two components is what gives the tumor its "mixed" nature.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of chondroid syringoma is primarily based on histopathological examination. A biopsy of the lesion is performed, and the characteristic features of the tumor are identified under a microscope. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI may be used to assess the extent of the tumor, especially if it is located in a cosmetically sensitive area.

Treatment

The treatment of choice for chondroid syringoma is surgical excision. Complete removal of the tumor is necessary to prevent recurrence. Due to its benign nature, the prognosis after surgical excision is excellent, with a low likelihood of recurrence if the tumor is completely removed.

Differential Diagnosis

The differential diagnosis for chondroid syringoma includes other skin tumors such as:

• Eccrine spiradenoma
• Pilomatricoma
• Dermatofibroma
• Basal cell carcinoma

Also see

• Pleomorphic adenoma
• Sweat gland tumors
• Skin neoplasm